Introduction to Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a potentially life-threatening complication in patients with diabetes mellitus. It happens predominantly in those with type 1 diabetes, but it can occur in those with type 2 diabetes under certain circumstances.

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a state of inadequate insulin levels resulting in high blood sugar and accumulation of organic acids and ketones in the blood. It is also common in DKA to have severe dehydration and significant alterations of the body’s blood chemistry. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a state of absolute or relative insulin deficiency aggravated by ensuing hyperglycemia, dehydration, and acidosis-producing derangements in intermediary metabolism. The most common causes are underlying infection, disruption of insulin treatment, and new onset of diabetes.

Diabetic ketoacidosis symptoms often develop quickly, sometimes within 24 hours. You may notice:

* Excessive thirst
* Frequent urination
* Nausea and vomiting
* Abdominal pain
* Loss of appetite
* Weakness or fatigue
* Shortness of breath
* Fruity-scented breath
* Confusion

How can it be detected?
* High blood sugar level
* High ketone level in your urine

Other possible triggers of diabetic ketoacidosis may include:

* Stress
* Physical or emotional trauma
* High fever
* Surgery
* Heart attack
* Stroke
* Alcohol or drug abuse